Balneophysiotherapeutic Recovery Methods in Scapulohumeral Dislocation

This study outlines evidence-based rehabilitation techniques for patients recovering from scapulohumeral dislocation, with emphasis on balneophysiotherapy (BFT). It provides a clinical and therapeutic foundation for healthcare professionals, therapists, and students specializing in musculoskeletal recovery.

The first part presents general information, starting with definitions, classifications, and epidemiological trends regarding shoulder dislocations. The etiopathogenesis section addresses mechanical causes, pathological anatomy, and contributing risk factors including trauma, hyperlaxity, or repetitive strain. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria such as pain, instability, and limited range of motion, confirmed through paraclinical investigations like X-rays and MRI scans.

Treatment is covered across stages including preventive, pharmacological, and surgical options, stressing the role of integrated planning in reducing recurrence and restoring joint function.

The second part details balneophysiotherapeutic methods aimed at full functional restoration of the shoulder. BFT is structured on objectives like pain reduction, inflammation control, and improved mobility. Hydro- and thermotherapy are applied to promote circulation and tissue elasticity. Electrotherapy targets muscle stimulation and pain modulation.

Massage therapy focuses on the physiological impact and regional anatomy of the shoulder. It is followed by joint mobilization techniques and medical gymnastics, which aim to restore flexibility and muscle strength. These are supported by occupational therapy to reintegrate daily activity skills, and balneological treatments using mineral-rich waters and therapeutic mud to enhance outcomes.

This comprehensive module is an essential reference for those studying or practicing in the field of rehabilitation and physical medicine, aligning with European physiotherapy curricula and clinical standards.

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Contents Table

PART I
I. Generalities – definition, classification, epidemiological data
II. Etiopathogenesis – causes, mechanisms, pathological anatomy
III. Criteria to support the diagnosis
a) Clinical examination – subjective and objective signs
b) Paraclinical investigations – radiological, laboratory findings
IV. Evolution and prognosis
V. Treatment

1. Prophylactic treatment

2. Hygienic-dietetic treatment

3. Drug treatment

4. Orthopedic-surgical treatment

PART II: BFT Treatment

1. Principles and objectives of BFT treatment

2. Hydro-thermotherapy treatment

3. Electrotherapy treatment

4. Massage treatment
   • Physiological effects of massage
   • Anatomical description of the region
   • Massage technique
   • Joint mobilization (kinesitherapy)
   • Medical gymnastics

5. Occupational therapy

6. Balneological treatment (mineral waters, mud)